He was born in New York City on March 7 1835 to George and Rebecca Elliot. In 1858 he married Ann Eliza Henderson.
From 1869 to 1879 he was in London and established strong links to British ornithologists and naturalists.
Elliot used his wealth to publish a series of sumptuous color-plate books on birds and animals. Elliot wrote the text himself and commissioned artists such as Joseph Wolf and Joseph Smit both of whom had worked for John Gould to provide the illustrations. The books included A Monograph of the Phasianidae Family of the Pheasants 1870–72 A Monograph of the Paradiseidae or Birds of Paradise 1873 A Monograph of the Felidae or Family of Cats 1878 and Review of the Primates 1913 .
In 1890 he was President of the American Ornithologists' Union.
In 1899 Elliot was invited to join the elite Harriman Alaska Expedition to study and document wildlife along the Alaskan coast.
Elliot was one of the founders of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City of the American Ornithologists' Union and of the Société zoologique de France. He was also curator of zoology at the Field Museum in Chicago.
Joseph Smit was a Dutch zoological illustrator. He received his first commission from Hermann Schlegel at the Leiden Museum to work on the lithographs for a book on the birds of the Dutch East Indies. In 1866 he was invited to Britain by Philip Sclater to do the lithography for Sclater's Exotic Ornithology he prepared a hundred images for the book. He also did the lithography for his friend Joseph Wolf's Zoological Sketches as well as Daniel Giraud Elliot's Monographs on the Phasianidae and Paradisaeidae.
Smit contributed illustrations to John Gould's books on birds of different parts of the world along with leading Victorian era wildlife artists including Wolf Edward Lear William Hart Henry Constantine Richter and J.G. Keulemans. He also provided many of the illustrations of dinosaurs and other fossil creatures for the popular book Extinct Monsters 1892 by Henry Neville Hutchinson.
